## Vocabulary Used in Math Algebra

Example:

4 + 5 = 9

The sum is 9.

#### 2) What is DIFFERENCE

The answer to a subtraction problem

Example:

8 – 2 = 6

The difference is 6

#### 3) What is PRODUCT

The answer to a multiplication problem

Example:

3 × 4 = 12

The product is 12

#### 4) What is QUOTIENT

The answer to a division problem

Example:

18 ÷ 6 = 3

The quotient is 3

#### 5) What is ESTIMATE

An answer that is close to the real answer; to quickly perform an approximation

Example:

28.7 + 42.25 ≈ 30 + 40 = 70

The estimate is 70

#### 6) What is COMPATIBLE NUMBERS

Numbers that can be divided evenly; useful in estimating quotients

Example:

27.2 ÷ 4.14 ≈ 28 ÷ 4 = 7

28 and 4 are compatible numbers

#### 7) What is PROPER FRACTION

A fraction that represents a positive number that has a value less than 1 (denominator is larger than numerator)

Example:

3/4 is a proper fraction

#### 8) What is IMPROPER FRACTION

A fraction that represents a positive number that has a value more than 1 (numerator is larger than denominator)

Example:

7/6 is a improper fraction

#### 9) What is EQUIVALENT FRACTION

A fraction that has the same value as a given fraction

Example:

2/3 and 4/6 are equivalent fractions.

#### 10) What is SIMPLEST FORM

An equivalent fraction for which the only common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1

Example:

The simplest form of the fraction 20/30 is 2/3

#### 11) What is MIXED NUMBER

The sum of a whole number and a fraction

Example:

3 1/4 is a mixed number.

#### 12) What is RECIPROCAL

A number that can be multiplied by another number to make 1 (numerator and denominator are switched)

Example:

8/3 is the reciprocal of 3/8 because 8/3 × 3/8 = 1

#### 13) What is PERCENT

A ratio that compares a number to 100

Example:

25% is a percent that represents 25/100 = 1/4

#### 14) What is SEQUENCE

A set of numbers that follow a pattern

Example:

4, 6, 8, 10, 12…is a sequence of numbers

#### 15) What is ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE

A sequence where each term is found by adding or subtracting the exact same number to the previous term

Example:

4, 6, 8, 10, 12…is an arithmetic sequence (add 2)

#### 16) What is GEOMTRIC SEQUENCE

A sequence where each term is found by multiplying or dividing by the exact same number to the previous term

Example:

2, 6, 18, 54, 162…is a geometric sequence (multiply 3)

#### 17) What is GROUPING SYMBOLS

A group of math symbols

Example:

(parenthesis), [brackets], {braces}

#### 18) What is ORDER OF OPERATIONS

the procedure to follow when simplifying a numerical expression

Example:

1/ Grouping symbols

2/ Exponents

3/ Multiplication and Division (from left to right)

4/ Addition and Subtraction (from left to right)

#### 19) What is NUMERICAL EXPRESSION

A mathematical phrase that contains numbers and operation symbols

Example:

14 + 8 × 4 – 21

#### 20) What is VARIABLE EXPRESSION

A mathematical phrase that contains variables, numbers, and operation symbols

Example:

45 – (x + 3y)

#### 21) What is EVALUATE

To replace variables with numbers and then simplify an expression

Example:

To evaluate 4x + 10 when x = 3, replace x with 3 and simplify: 4(3) + 10 = 12 + 10 = 22

#### 22) What is ABSOLUTE VALUE

The distance a number is from zero on the number line

Example:

|-3| = 3; The absolute value of -3 is 3.

#### 23) What is OPPOSITES

Pairs of numbers that have the same absolute value

Example:

4 and -4 are opposites because they are 4 units from 0

#### 24) What is INTEGERS

The set of numbers that includes whole numbers and their opposites

Example:

1, 2 ,3 ..

#### 25) What is X-AXIS

The horizontal number line that, together with the y-axis, establishes the coordinate plane

#### 26) What is Y-AXIS

The vertical number line that, together with the x-axis, establishes the coordinate plane

#### 27) What is COORDINATE PLANE

Plane formed by two number lines (the horizontal x-axis and the vertical y-axis) intersecting at their zero points

one of four sections on the coordinate plane formed by the intersection of the x-axis and the y-axis

#### 29) What is ORDERED PAIR

A pair of numbers that gives the location of a point in the coordinate plane. Also referred to as the coordinates of a point

Example:

The ordered pair (3, 2) describes the location that is found by moving 3 units to the right of zero on the x-axis and then 2 units up from the x-axis.

#### 30) What is ORIGIN

The intersection of the x-axis and the y-axis on the coordinate plane

Example:

The origin is described by the ordered pair (0,0).

#### 31) What is X-COORDINATE

The number that indicates the position of a point to the left or right of the y-axis

Example:

The 4 in (4,3) is the x-coordinate, and tells you to move 4 places to the right of the y-axis

#### 32) What is Y-COORDINATE

The number that indicates the position of a point above or below the x-axis

Example:

The 3 in (4,3) is the y-coordinate, and tells you to move 3 places above the x-axis

#### 33) What is EQUATION

A mathematical sentence that uses an equals (=) sign to indicate that the side to the left of the equals sign has the same value as the side to the right of the equals sign

Example:

The equation x + 4 = 10 has a solution of x = 6.

#### 34) What is INVERSE OPERATION

Operations that undo each other

Example:

Addition and subtraction are inverse operations. Multiplication and division are also inverse operations.

#### 35) What is INEQUALITY

a mathematical sentence that uses a symbol(<, >, =, =, ?) to indicate that the left and right sides of the sentence hold values that are different

Example:

The inequality x > 8 has an infinite number of solutions

#### 36) What is PERIMETER

The distance around the outside of a figure

Example:

The perimeter of a rectangle whose length is 18 feet and width is 5 feet is: 18+5+18+5 = 46 feet.

#### 37) What is CIRCUMFERENCE

The distance around a circle

Example:

The circumference of a circle whose radius is 4 inches is: 2π(4) = 8p inches or approximately 25.12 inches.

#### 38) What is AREA

The number of square units inside a 2-dimensional figure

Example:

The area of a rectangle whose length is 18 feet and width is 5 feet is: 18×5 = 90 square feet.

#### 39) What is VOLUME

The number of cubic units inside a 3-dimensional figure

Example:

The volume of a rectangular prism whose length is 10 feet, width is 4 feet, and height is 2 feet is: 10×4×2 = 80 cubic feet.

A line segment that runs from the center of the circle to somewhere on the circle

#### 41) What is CHORD

A line segment that runs from somewhere on the circle to another place on the circle

#### 42) What is DIAMETER

A chord that passes through the center of the circle

#### 43) What is CENTRAL TENDENCY

an attempt to find the average or central value of a given set of data.

Example:

In statistics, there are three main measures of centraltendency: MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE

#### 44) What is MEAN

The sum of the data items divided by the number of data items

Example:

The mean of (16, 10, 13, 11, 10) is 60/5 = 12.

#### 45) What is MEDIAN

The middle data item found after sorting the data items in ascending order; could be the mean of two middle numbers if the data set has an even number of items

Example:

The median of (10, 10, 11, 13, 16) is 11.

#### 46) What is MODE

The data item that occurs most often; there could be no mode, one mode, or multiple modes

Example:

The mode of (10, 10, 11, 13, 16) is 10

#### 47) What is RANGE

The difference between the highest and the lowest data item

Example:

The range of (10, 10, 11, 13, 16) is 16 – 10 = 6.

#### 48) What is OUTLIER

A data item that is much higher or much lower than all the other data items

Example:

The outlier of (2, 3, 5, 5, 6, 7, 10, 45) is 45.

#### 49) What is RATIO

A comparison of two quantities by division

Example:

The ratio of students to faculty members at a given university is 16:1 (also 16 to 1…or 16/1)

#### 50) What is RATE

A ratio that compares quantities measured in different units

Example:

The students typing rate was 200 words per 6 minutes.

#### 51) What is UNIT RATE

A rate that has a denominator of 1

Example:

The unit rate describing his speed was 14 meters per second.

#### 52) What is PROPORTION

A statement (equation) showing two ratios to be equal

Example:

3/4 = 9/12 is a proportion

#### 53) What is CONGRUENT FIGURES

Figures that have the same size AND same shape

#### 54) What is SIMILAR FIGURES

Figures that have the same shape BUT different size. The corresponding sides of similar figures are proportional in length

#### 55) What is SCALE DRAWING

An enlarged or reduced drawing that is similar to an actual object or place

#### 56) What is SCALE DRAWING

The ratio of the model distance to the actual distance

Example:

The scale on the map is 1 in. to 25 mi.

#### 57) What is OUTCOMES

Possible results of action

#### 58) What is EVENT

An outcome or a group of outcomes

#### 59) What is COMPLEMENT of an event

The opposite of the event

#### 60) What is PROBABILITY

A ratio that explains the likelihood of an event

#### 61) What is THEORETICAL PROBABILITY

The ratio of the number of favorable outcomes to the number of possible outcomes (based on what is expected to occur).

#### 62) What is EXPERIMENTAL PROBABILITY

The ratio of the number of times an event occurs to the number of times an experiment is done (based on real experimental data).

#### 63) What is DISTRIBUTIVE PROPERTY

A way to simplify an expression that contains a single term being multiplied by a group of terms.

Example:

5(2x + 3) = 10x + 15

#### 64) What is TERM

A number, a variable, or product of a number and a variable(s)

Example:

There are 3 terms in the expression: 4x + y + 2

#### 65) What is CONSTANT

A term with no variable part (i.e. a number)

#### 66) What is COEFFICIENT

A number that multiplies a variable

Example:

For the term 8x, the 8 is the coefficient

#### 67) What is LIKE TERMS

Terms with the same variable part (including exponent)…like terms can be combined using the distributive property in reverse

Example:

4x + 6x = (4 + 6)x = 10x

#### 68) What is DISCOUNT

The amount by which a price is decreased

Example:

#### 70) What is CAPACITY

Maximum quantity a container can hold when full.

#### 71) What is CENTIMETER

A unit of length in the metric system which is equal to 0.01 meter or 1/100 of 1 meter. It is represented by “cm” in short form.

#### 72) What is CUP

The cup is a unit of measurement for volume, used in cooking to measure liquids.

#### 73) What is CUSTOMARY SYSTEM

A system of measurement where length is measured in inches,feet,yards,and miles.capacity in cups,pints,quarts,and gallons; weight in ounces,pounds,and tons; and temperature in degrees Fahrenheit.

#### 74) What is DECIMETER

A metric unit of length. 1 decimeter = 10 centimeters. 10 decimeters = 1 meter.

#### 75) What is DEKAMETER

A unit of length equal. 1 dekameter = 10 meters.

#### 76) What is EQUAL SHARES

Having the same quantity,measure or value as another part.

#### 77) What is FLUID OUNCE

A fluid ounce is a unit of liquid capacity equal to 1/20 of a pint or 1/160 of an Imperial gallon in the imperial system or 1/16 of a US liquid pint or 1/128 of a US gallon in the US system.

A unit of length in the customary system. 1 foot = 12 inches, 1 foot = 30.48 centimeters..

#### 80) What is GALLON

A customary unit of volume for liquid measure. 1 gallon = 4 quarts.

#### 81) What is GRAM

A metric unit of mass (weight). 1,000 grams = 1 kilogram .

#### 82) What is HALF GALLON

Half of a gallon = 2 quarts (approximately 1.9 liters).

#### 83) What is HEIGHT

A measure of how tall something is.

#### 84) What is INCH

The smallest unit of length in the customary system. 1 inch = 2.54 centimeters.

#### 85) What is KILOGRAM

A metric measure of mass abbreviated as kg. 1 kg = 1,000 grams.

#### 86) What is KILOMETER

A metric unit of distance equal to 1,000 meters.

#### 87) What is LENGTH

Length is the distance from one end to the other end of an object.

#### 88) What is OUNCE

Imperial measure of weight. Abbreviated as oz. Equivalent to 28.35 grams.

#### 89) What is LITER

A metric unit of volume mostly used to measure liquids. The abbreviation is L. 1 liter (L) = 1,000 milliliters (ml).

#### 90) What is MILLILITER

A metric unit used to measure capacity,which is equivalent to 1/1,000 of 1 liter.

#### 90) What is MASS

A measure of how much matter is in an object. Usually measured in grams, kilograms, tonnes in the metric system.

#### 91) What is MILE

A custmoary unit of length equal to 5,280 feet. It is equal to 1.6093 km. It is a large unit that is used to denote distance between cities, length of rivers and roads.

#### 92) What is MEASURE

Finding a number that shows the size or amount of something.

#### 93) What is MEASURING TAPE

A measuring tape is a flexible form of ruler. It is usually a ribbon of cloth, plastic, fiber glass, or metal strip with linear-measurement markings.

#### 94) What is TON

A metric unit for measuring mass. 1 ton = 1000 kg.

#### 95) What is YARD

A unit of linear measurement in the customary system equal to 3 feet (36 inches).

#### 96) What is YARDSTICK

A graduated measuring stick one yard in length.

#### 97) What is RULLER

A ruler can be defined as a tool or device used to measure and draw straight .

#### 98) What is PINT

A unit of measurement in the customary system. 1 pint = 0.4733L.

#### 99) What is POUND

A unit of mass (or weight) defined as 0.454 kg.

#### 100) What is SIZE

How big or small something is, in simple words things overall measurement and dimensions.

#### 101) What is PARANTHESES

Parentheses or “round brackets” are the familiar ( ) symbols used in pairs to group things together or specify the order of operations in an equation.

#### 102) What is REASONABLENESS

To be reasonable means to be as much as is appropriate or fair.

#### 103) What is REGROUP

Regrouping is the process used in addition and subtraction. Also popularly known as carrying and borrowing.

#### 104) What is REPEATED ADDITION

Adding the same number again and again in order to find the answer to a multiplication problem.

#### 105) What is Stack

A pile of objects arranged on top of each other.

#### 106) What is STANDARD FORM

Standard form is a way of writing down very large or very small numbers easily.

#### 106) What is HIERARCHY

A preordered defined on a set.