Multiplication of Whole Numbers
Multiplication of whole numbers is the sort way to do repeated addition.
Multiply 2345081 and 4 by expansion method.
Solution:
(2000000 + 300000 + 40000 + 5000 + 80 + 1) × 4
= (2000000 × 4) + (300000 × 4) + (40000 × 4) + (5000 × 4) + (80
× 4) + (1 × 4)
= 8000000 + 1200000 + 160000 + 20000 + 320 + 4
= 9380324
The number by which any number is multiplied is known as the
multiplicand. The result of the multiplication is known as the product
Let us recall multiplication of a number by two or three digit number. Now we will learn multiplication of large numbers.
Note: Multiplication can also be referred as product.
1. Multiply 6285 by 289.
When we multiply 6285 by 289 we know, 6285 is the multiplicand and 289 is the multiplier. First with the multiplicand i.e. 6285 we will multiply by 9 and we get 56565. Then we will multiply 6285 by 8 and we get 50280 and atlast when we will multiply 6285 by 2 and we get 125700.
Therefore, after adding we get 1816365.
2. Multiply 73162453 by 2435.
In multiply 73162453 by 2435 we
know, 73162453 is the multiplicand and 2435 is the multiplier.
First
with the multiplicand i.e. 73162453 we will multiply by 5 and we get
365812265. Then we will multiply 73162453 by 3 and we get 2194873590,
again when we will multiply 73162453 by 4 and we get 29264981200 and
atlast when we will multiply 73162453 by 2 and we get 146324906000.
Therefore, after adding we get 178150573055.
Examples on multiplication
of large numbers:
3. Multiply 10201 by 132
Solution:
We first arrange the numbers one below the other in columns.
Hence 10201 × 132 = 1346532
4. Multiply 98357 by 2904
Solution:
We first arrange the numbers one below the other in columns.
Hence 98357 × 2904 = 285628728
Questions and Answers on Multiplication of Whole Numbers:
I. Multiply the given numbers by expansion method.
(i) 669023 × 7
(ii) 6652309 × 6
Answers:
(i) 4683161
(ii) 39913854
II. Multiply the given numbers by column method.
(i) 27613 × 26
(ii) 66924 × 35
(iii) 615028 × 43
(iv) 781145 × 57
(v) 748250 × 69
(vi) 8417129 × 81
Answers:
(i) 717938
(ii) 2342340
(iii) 26446204
(iv) 44525265
(v) 51629250
(vi) 681787449
III. Multiply the following:
(i) 39176 × 264
(ii) 86542 × 5406
(iii) 789331 × 318
(iv) 96203 × 6815
(v) 845017 × 497
(vi) 55159 × 2000
Answers:
(i) 10342464
(ii) 467846052
(iii) 251007258
(iv) 655623445
(v) 419973449
(vi) 110318000